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Declaring Zero or One Occurrence of an
Element
| <!ELEMENT element-name (child-name?)> |
DTD Example:
| <!ELEMENT color (Fill-Red?)> |
The ‘?’ sign in the example above declares
that the child element “Fill-Red” can occur
zero or one time inside the “color” element.
Declaring either/or Content
DTD Example:
<!ELEMENT E-mail
(To,From,Subject,(Message|Body))> |
The example above declares that the “E-mail” element must contain a “To” element, a “From” element, a “Subject” element, and
either a “Message” or a “Body” element.
Declaring Mixed Content
DTD Example:
<!ELEMENT Email(#
PCDATA|To|From|Subject|Body)*> |
The example above declares that the “E-mail” element can contain zero or more occurrences
of a parsed character data, “To”, “From”,
“Subject”, or “Body” elements.
4. DTD-Attributes
In a DTD, attributes are declared with an
ATTLIST declaration.
Declaring Attributes
The ATTLIST declaration defines the element
having a attribute with attribute name , attribute
type , and attribute default value. An attribute
declaration has the following syntax: |
|
| <!ATTLIST element-name attribute-name attribute-type default-value> |
DTD example:
<!ATTLIST reciept type CDATA “check”>
XML example:
<reciept type=”check” /> |
Attribute-type
The attribute-type can be one of the
following:
Type Description
CDATA The value is character data
(en1|en2|..) The value must be one from an
enumerated list
ID The value is a unique id
IDREF The value is the id of another element
IDREFS The value is a list of other ids
NMTOKEN The value is a valid XML name
NMTOKENS The value is a list of valid XML
names
ENTITY The value is an entity
ENTITIESThe value is a list of entities
NOTATION The value is a name of a notation
xml The value is a predefined xml value |
Default-value
The default-value can be one of the following:
Value Explanation
value The default value of the attribute
#REQUIRED The attribute is required
#IMPLIED The attribute is not required
#FIXED value The attribute value is fixed |
A Default Attribute Value DTD Example:
<!ELEMENT Scale EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST Scale length CDATA “0”> |
In the example above, the DTD defines a |
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Jan
2008 | Java Jazz Up |33 |
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